A gas flare burns. Image: Shutterstock

In brief

• Natural gas flare-ups have a negative impact on the environment and represent a missed financial opportunity for gas and oil companies.
• A new partnership between an oil company and a mining firm shows how companies could repurpose natural gas for use in Bitcoin mining.
• Doing so on a larger level would bring new revenue to companies while lowering carbon emissions.

In a joint letter last week, Royal Dutch Shell and British Petroleum, two of the largest oil companies by revenue, encouraged Texas regulators to end natural gas flaring, the routine yet environmentally harmful practice of burning off excess gas that can’t be economically captured or transported.
As it turns out, Bitcoin mining might be the way to finally kill the practice.
A recent partnership between multinational oil giant Equinor and bitcoin mining firm Crusoe Energy Systems shows how capturing excess gas can reduce carbon emissions and turn a profit, according to Arcane Research.  

Bitcoin environmental impact grows following post-halving dip

For all its ingenuity, Bitcoin mining is an expensive and power-hungry process. The environmental toll of its energy consumption is enormous, and, after a dip following Bitcoin’s halving, it’s back on the up. After the Bitcoin halving in May—when the reward for mining Bitcoin dropped from 12.5 BTC to 6.25 BTC—lots of unprofitable, inefficient miners shut down. According to data from Digiconomist, Bitcoin’s energy consumption dropped 24% in the two weeks following the May 11 halving as 38%.

The oil and gas industry has a profit motive to take care of the environmental problem flaring poses: Not only is it inefficient, it emboldens competition from clean energy, according to Colin Leyden, director of legal and regulatory affairs for the Environmental Defense Fund.
2017 data from the U.S. Department of Energy indicated that in North Dakota, the practice led to more than $500,000 per day in wasted natural gas. Texas regulations to prevent flaring are less advanced than North Dakota’s.
“Now that COVID-19 is happening, oil professionals are willing to look anywhere to diversify,” Walter Nelson, a petroleum geologist and energy professional, told Decrypt. 
Why not crypto?
Bitcoin miners can capture the gas that would normally result in flare-ups and repurpose it for mining instead of burning it off. This isn’t just theory—it’s already being done. Equinor's solution is to use a gas-to-electric generator within a well. The created electricity powers Bitcoin mining rigs onsite. This limits carbon emissions from flaring. It's more affordable, too. 

Marty Bent, a Bitcoin newsletter publisher and podcast producer, used data from the US Energy Information Administration to determine that repurposing all the uncaptured gas for Bitcoin mining on a global level would result in a Bitcoin hashrate 7.35 times greater than it is today. Bent is currently working with Great American Mining, another Bitcoin mining operation trying to help oil companies mitigate flaring.
In addition to better decentralizing the concentration of the mining industry, which has long been dominated by China, this exponential increase in the Bitcoin mining network’s computing power could show a positive correlation with the Bitcoin price over the long term. For oil and gas companies it could increase their environmental sustainability and possibly revenue. 
Yet smaller gains will work, too.
While geologist Nelson said that Bitcoin mining does not capture all potential flare-ups and has been slow to catch on due to its complexity, he admitted that Bitcoin mining and oil and gas partnerships are a win-win. 

Furthermore, Nelson said that despite alternative gas capture systems, such as converting to liquid natural gas, at a cost of approximately roughly $800,000 per drilling site, Bitcoin mining capture systems are the most affordable option for meeting lower carbon emissions levels.
“The conversations with producers vary drastically depending on their particular business, the regulatory environment they operate within, and—most importantly—their knowledge of Bitcoin and mining,” Bent told Decrypt, referring to the fact that Great American Mining is trying to teach the oil industry about cryptocurrency.
The willingness of oil and gas professionals to learn about Bitcoin and mining will certainly play into whether they act on this new diversification opportunity. But the incentives seem to be lining up.

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Bitcoin energy and its environmental impact is a dirty subject. Image: Shutterstock

In brief

• Bitcoin energy consumption estimates are the highest they’ve been since the halving.
• Likewise, the hash rate set a new post-halving peak this week.
• Bitcoin’s estimated energy consumption is currently higher than that of Algeria.

For all its ingenuity, Bitcoin mining is an expensive and power-hungry process. The environmental toll of its energy consumption is enormous, and, after a dip following Bitcoin’s halving, it’s back on the up. 
After the Bitcoin halving in May—when the reward for mining Bitcoin dropped from 12.5 BTC to 6.25 BTC—lots of unprofitable, inefficient miners shut down. 
According to data from Digiconomist, Bitcoin’s energy consumption dropped 24% in the two weeks following the May 11 halving as 38% of the network’s hash power departed.

But energy consumption is beginning to grow again, albeit gradually, according to data from both Digiconomist and the Cambridge Bitcoin Electricity Consumption Index.
Digiconomist’s data shows that Bitcoin mining demands an estimated 61.256 terawatt-hours (TWh) per year as of yesterday, which is the highest number reported since May 11. 
The site’s daily estimate briefly kissed the 60 TWh mark in June before dropping back below but has now been at or above 60 TWh for more than a week, as of this writing.
Meanwhile, the site’s data suggests that the minimum Bitcoin energy consumption sits at an estimated 51.214 TWh as of yesterday, which is the highest minimum reported since March 14—well before the halving.
Bitcoin’s total estimated energy consumption right now is more than the entire country of Algeria, suggests Digiconomist, and is very close to overtaking Kuwait on that front as well.

The site points to Bitcoin having a comparable carbon footprint to Myanmar now, along with similar e-waste generation as Luxembourg. And a single Bitcoin transaction, the site suggests, has a carbon footprint equivalent to 626,300 Visa transactions or watching 41,757 hours of YouTube videos.
That’s a whole lot of streaming—and as the trend suggests, the problem isn’t getting any better.

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Cambridge’s estimates vary from those above, but still suggest an upwards trend in the amount of energy being expended globally to mine Bitcoin. 
That site’s data shows a recent average peak of 59.19 TWh on Tuesday, July 6, with the number hovering in the mid-58 TWh area since. That peak is the highest that the site has registered since May 21.
The Bitcoin hashrate is growing as well since the two figures are consistently intertwined. BitInfoCharts shows a recent peak of 131.5115E on Wednesday, July 7, which is the largest total recorded since May 11.
While still a far cry from the incredible pre-halving peak of 77.782 TWh per year registered by Digiconomist in early May, the trend suggests that Bitcoin mining energy consumption is steadily—albeit gradually—growing again following the post-halving drop.