Jange Jahanie Dovvom [FA]
Jange Jahanie Dovvom, dovomin jang jahaani beyn sal-haye 1939 ta 1945 bood. dar in jang tamam-ayar bishtar keshvarhaye jahan az jomleh hameyeh ghodrat-haye bozorg dar ghaaleb do etehad nezaami: Nirohaye Mehvar va Nirohaye Motafeghin dar barabare ham gharaar gereftand. havaapeymaa naghshe mohemi dar in jang eeifaa kard; bombaaraan rahbordi maraakez jameeyati va estefaadeh az do selaah hasteh-ee ke ta be haal dar hich jangi estefaadeh nashodeh bood ra momken saakht. in margbaartarin dargiri taarikh bood ke monjer be koshteh shodan 70 ta 85 milion nafar shod, ke bishtar aanhaa gheyrenezaami boodand. milion-haa nafar be dalil nasl-koshi-haa, az jomleh Holookast va hamchenin gorosnegi, ghatle-aam va bimaari jane khod ra az dast daadand. dar peye shekast mottahedaan, Alman, Otrish va Zhapon eshghaal shodand va daadgaah-haaye jenayaat jangi aleihe rahbaraan aalmaani va zhaaponi tashkil shod.
omooman taarikh aaghaaz jang jahaani dovom, 1 septaambr saal 1939 daanesteh mi shavad ke hamleyeh Alman be Lahestan va dar natijeh e'laam jang Faranseh va Beritania be Alman rokh daad. aalmaani-haa tavaanestand ta miyaneh saal 1941 ba majmooeh-'ee az hamalaat nezaami va moaahedaat, bar bakhshe ziyaadi az Oroopa chireh shavand. pas az soghoot Faranseh dar avaaset saal 1940 va borooz nabardhaaye Afrighaye Shomali va Sharghi, jang amalan baraaye modati miyan Nirohaye Mehvar va Beritania soorat migereft. Amaliate Blits va Nabarde Atlantik dar hamin dowran be voghoo peyvast.
22 juan saal 1941 Nirohaye Mehvar dar jaryane Amaliate Barbarossa tahaajom gostardeh-ee aleihe Etehad Showravi aghaaz kardand ta ba vorood rasmi in keshvar be jang, jebheh sharghi goshoodeh shavad. maah desambr e saal 1941, tahaajom naagahaani Emperatoorie Zhapon be Perl Harbor, mojeb vaared shodan alanie Eyalate Motahedeh be dargiri-haa va elaane jang an aleihe Emperatoorie Zhapon shod. dar peye in havaades, maabaghi Nirohaye Mehvar niz be onvane mottahedaan Emperatoorie Zhapon, be Eyalate Motahedeh elaame jang kardand.
pishravi Nirohaye Mehvar pas az shekaste Emperatoorie Zhapon dar Nabarde Midwai va shekast Alman va Italia dar nabarde dovom El Alamein dar Mesr va Nabarde Estalingrad dar khaake Etehade Jamahire Showravi, motevaghef shod. majmooe in rooydadhaa ebtekaar amal ra az Nirohaye Mehvar gerefteh va anha ra majboor sakht ta ba gereftan halate tadaafoee, dar hameh jebheh-haa tanhaa paasokhgoo be rahbordhaaye taraf moghaabel baashand.
saal 1944 Motafeghin be Faranseh eshghaal shodeh tavassot Alman, dar amaliaati dar Normandi hamleh kardeh va zede hamalate Showravi tavaanest ghalamroohaye azdast rafteh ra baazpas begirad. sal-haye 1944 ta 1945 miladi, Emperatoorie Zhapon majboor be aghab-neshini az besiyaari az sarzamin-haye eshghali dar markaz va jonoob Chin va Bermeh shod. Motafeghin niz tavaanestand nirooye daryaayi Emperatoorie Zhapon ra majbor be aghab-neshini konand va kontrole jazayere rahbordi gharbe Oghyanoose Aram ra be-dast begirand.
jang dar Oroopa ba tahaajom Motafeghin e gharbi be Alman az 22 Mars ta 8 Meh 1945, be payan resid. dar natijeh in tahaajom, haakemiat Nazi-ha payaan yaaft va Alman be eshghal e doshmananash daramad. Adolf Hitler, pishvaye aalmaanAlman pish az in ke tavassote mohejeman be esarat darbiayad, khodkoshi kard. pas az eblagh elamieh sharaayet taslim dar 26 Zhooiyeh 1945 tavassote Motafeghin, Zhapon az paziresh natijeh jang khoddaari kard va be donbale an, Eyalat Motahedeh dar 6 va 9 Oote sal e 1945 eghdaam be bombaran e atomi shahrhaye Hiroshima va Nagasakee nemood. Showravi niz ke ta pish az in be peyman adame tajavoze do tarafeh paayband bood, aleihe Zhapon elaane jang kard va be Manchoori yooresh bord. pas az taslime Zhapon dar 15 oot 1945, pirozi Motafeghin dar Asia nahayee shod.
pas az payane jang, Dadgahe Noorenberg baraye barresi khesarat-ha va jenayate jangi vared shodeh az sooi Alman va Motahedanash bargozaar shod.
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Source: Wikipedia Farsi
