Planets

BYqe...FixS

27 Jan 2024

The mass of the sun is “332270” times the mass of the earth. The diameter of the Sun is 1.4 million km. The distance of our Earth to the Sun is 149 million km. Such a large structure also has its own system. Today, the planets named "Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune" are located in the Solar System, respectively. On the other hand, scientists continue to research planets defined as "Dwarf Planets" such as Ceres, Haumea, Eris, Makemake, Charon and Pluto, which was removed from planet status in 2006, and studies that will identify millions of other planets waiting to be discovered.

Planet Types

he planet types, which are divided into two according to their physical characteristics, are called Terrestrial planets and Gas Giant planets.

Terrestrial Planets

Planets, whose Latin name means Terra, means rocky, are called by this name because they are composed of "silicate rocks" and metals. There are densely rocky structures all over these planets. Four of the sub-planets, also known as inner system planets, are known as "Terrestrial Planets". The planets "Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars" are located in our Solar System, respectively, and it is known that there are suitable areas for living life on Venus, Earth and Mars.

Gas Giants Planets

Gas state planets, in contrast to rocky planets, are composed of helium and hydrogen gases. But they are not completely gaseous. These planets also have terrestrial rocks. It is the size of the planets that distinguishes the gas giants from the terrestrial planets. Among these giant planets, which are even larger than the terrestrial planets, “Saturn” has the lowest density among the gas giants. Its density is so low that it is not even possible for it to sink in water. American space research "NASA" stated in its statement about these planets that Saturn and Jupiter are actually called gas giants, while Neptune and Uranus are called "ice giants" due to their different structures. In other words, water, ammonia and methane gas formation is very high in Neptune and Uranus.

Planets and Their Features

The important characteristics of the 8 planets in the Solar System are as follows.

Planet Mercury

Mercury, known for its rapid orbit around the Sun, is one of the closest planets to the Sun. Its distance from the Sun is 57,909,000 kilometers.
Mercury is one of the smallest planets in the Solar System. Its approximate diameter is: 4,878 kilometers.
The length of 1 day on Mercury is equal to 58.6 Earth days.
It takes Mercury 1 Mercury year, or 88 Earth days, to complete its orbit around the Sun.
It has no satellites.
It ranks 2nd in terms of density.
Although its surface temperature may vary, it is the second hottest planet due to its proximity to the Sun. The surface temperature varies between -170 and 450°C.
The planet Mercury was visited twice by the Mariner 10 and Messenger spacecraft.

Planet Venus

he view of the planet Venus is so beautiful that it has even become the subject of song lyrics. For this reason, it was named after the goddess of love and beauty of the Roman period.
It is the 2nd closest planet to the Sun. Its average distance from the Sun is 108,209,000 kilometers.
It is the 6th largest planet in the Solar System. Its approximate diameter is: 12,104 kilometers.
It is bright enough to be seen from Earth.
It only completes its rotation around the Sun in 225 Earth days. 1 Venus year is approximately equal to 225 Earth days.
It can complete its rotation on its own axis in 243 days. 1 Venus day is approximately equal to 243 Earth days.
It has no satellites.
It is the 3rd planet with the highest density.
Venus and Earth are like twins, they look very similar to each other.
Since Venus has no axis tilt, seasons do not occur.
The surface temperature of Venus, one of the hottest planets, is 462 °C.
The planet Venus rotates in the opposite direction of the other planets, that is, in the opposite direction.
It is the closest planet to our Earth.

World

It is the 3rd farthest planet from the Sun. Its average distance is 149,598,000 kilometers.
It is the 5th largest planet in the Solar System and the largest among the terrestrial planets. Its diameter is 12,760 kilometers.
It completes its orbit around the Sun in an average of 365 days. It varies every year.
The length of 1 day is 23 hours and 56 minutes.
It has 1 satellite. As it is known, it is the Moon.
It is the planet with the highest density in the Solar System.
Among the planets discovered to date, it is the only planet where living things can live.
The surface temperature of our Earth is between -88 and 60 °C.

Planet Mars

Also known as the red planet.
It is the 4th farthest planet from the Sun. Its average distance from the Sun is 227,943,000 kilometers.
It is the second smallest planet in the Solar System. Its diameter is 6,792 kilometers in the equatorial region.
It completes its orbit around the Sun in 687 days. 1 Martian year = 687 Earth days
The length of 1 day on Mars is 24 hours and 37 minutes.
Mars has two moons: Deimos and Phobos.
Only 18 of the 40 spacecraft sent to the planet Mars were successful.
The surface temperature of Mars is between -87 and -5 °C.

Planet Jupiter

It is the largest planet both in volume and mass. Its diameter is exactly 142,984 kilometers at the equator.
One year of Jupiter, which completes its orbit around the Sun in 11.9 years, is approximately equal to 11.9 Earth years.
Jupiter has the shortest day, with 1 day lasting 9 hours and 55 minutes.
It can be seen from Earth with the naked eye.
It is the planet with the highest gravitational force.
It has 79 satellites. Europa, Ganymede, Lo, Calisto are the most known.
Ganymede, the largest satellite in the Solar System, is larger than Mercury with a diameter of 5262 kilometers.
It has been visited by 9 spacecraft so far. These spacecraft have been visited by: Pioneer 10 and 11, Voyager 1 and 2, Galileo, Cassini, Ulysses, New Horizons and most recently Juno.

Planet Saturn

It is the 6th planet farthest from the Sun. Its distance from the Sun is 1,426,666,000 kilometers.
Saturn is the 2nd largest planet in the Solar System. Its diameter is 120,536 kilometers.
Due to its rotation speed and density, it is the planet with the lowest equatorial diameter to polar diameter ratio.
Saturn completes its rotation in 29.5 years. One Saturn year is approximately equal to 29.5 Earth years.
Saturn is the 2nd among the planets that rotate rapidly. 1 Saturn day is 10 hours and 34 minutes compared to Earth.
It is one of the planets with the lowest density.
It is the planet with the most spectacular ring.
Saturn has 62 moons: Enceladus, Titan, Rhea, Mimas etc. It is among the most well-known.
Saturn was visited by 4 different spacecraft, and vehicles such as Voyager 1 and 2, Pioneer 11 and Cassini-Huygens managed to land.

Planet Uranus

It is the 7th planet farthest from the Sun. Its distance from the Sun is 2,870,658,000 kilometers.
The diameter of Uranus is 51,118 kilometers. So it is the 3rd largest planet.
Uranus completes its orbit in 84 years.
Uranus day length is 17 hours and 14 minutes.
The axis of the planet is 90° different from other planets.
It is the 2nd least dense planet.
The planet has exactly 13 rings.
Uranus has 27 known moons so far. Its most well-known satellites are: Miranda, Titania, Ariel and Oberon.
The Voyager 1 spacecraft went to Uranus and was able to conduct research.
The average temperature of the planet is -224 °C.

Planet Neptune

It is the 8th planet farthest from the Sun.
Its distance from the Sun is 30 times greater than the Earth.
One year of the planet Neptune, which completes its orbit in 164.8 years, is approximately equal to 164.8 Earth years.
Neptune's day length is 18 hours shorter than other gas planets.
Neptune's atmosphere is active. There are storms reaching 1340 kilometers per second.
It was visited for the first time by the Voyager 2 spacecraft.
Neptune has 14 satellites, the best known of which are: Triton, Thalassa, Despina, Galatea.
The average temperature of Neptune is -214 °C.