Why do states spend so much on the arms industry?

The reasons behind states arming themselves and borrowing for this purpose can be attributed to various factors:

1. Security and Defense: States may engage in an arms race to strengthen their military forces and ensure national defense. This is important to protect and defend themselves against potential threats.
2. Regional Balances: States may arm themselves to influence or maintain regional power balances. Relations with neighboring countries or historical disputes can influence a state's decision to arm itself.
3. Geopolitical Strategies: Depending on their strategic positions, states may arm themselves to be a significant presence in certain regions. There may be a competitive arms race for sovereignty or influence in critical geographical areas.
4. Economic Interests: The arms industry is an important economic sector for many countries. Domestic arms production can increase employment and contribute to economic growth. Therefore, some states may aim to strengthen their economic interests through arms buildup.
5. Foreign Policy Instruments: Arming and military power can be used as part of a state's foreign policy. A country may increase its military power to achieve greater effectiveness in international relations or to reach specific policy goals.
6. Power Projection and Prestige: Some states may arm themselves to acquire a strong and influential image on the international stage. Demonstrating military power can help them gain respect and prestige in the international arena.

Borrowing is a common financing method for arming. States often borrow to finance defense expenditures and armament processes. This is a widespread practice due to the costly nature of arms races and insufficient resources available to states to cover these expenses. However, in the long run, these debts can threaten economic security and lead to serious financial problems.