The potential of using Blockchain in Agriculture and Food Delivery Chain.

Blockchain is an electronic system that enables electronic recordkeeping, validation, and verification without the use of a middleman.
It can be a helpful tool for many branches in our economy. this time, I’d like to take a look at agriculture issues.
Types of Agriculture
Horticulture's Traditional Steps
Horticulture is both an art and a science, and it follows a set of rules. The first step is to decide what kind of plant to grow. After deciding on a plant, the soil must be prepared. Tilling the soil, adding fertilizers, and watering are all part of the preparation process. Seeds or seedlings are planted once the soil has been prepared. The crop can be picked once the plants have grown.
The Procedures in Conventional Agronomy
Agronomy is the science of managing soil and crops.
The first step is to test the soil to establish its composition and which fertilizers and amendments should be added. The soil will next be tilled, aerated, and prepared for planting. Planting seeds or seedlings is the next stage. The crop can be picked once the plants have grown.
Animal Husbandry Conventional Procedures

The art of livestock raising and selective breeding is an important component of agriculture. The first stage is to decide what kind of animal to raise. The next phase is to construct a shelter for the animals, which will keep them safe from the elements. The animals are then given food and water. The animals can be bred if they have been properly cared for. The animals' young must be cared for once they have given birth. Finally, once the offspring have reached adulthood, they can be sold.

 Challenges  
Blockchain Solutions
Blockchain functions as a distributed, immutable, tamper-proof ledger in which ecosystem players store transactions. This data repository is a reliable source of information about the state of the ecosystem. The key data regarding the state of farms, inventory, contracts, and management are collected and kept in the blockchain in an agriculture ecosystem. This trusted data storage method aids farmers in achieving greater decentralization, provenance, nonrepudiation, payment, and commodity trade automation.
There are e several benefits for using blockchain:
Transactions on the blockchain are transparent, as there is no intermediary agency like a central bank. Blockchain alters the way trust is granted: instead of trusting authority, users invest their reliance in encryption and peer-to-peer confirmation. Blockchain technology tracks transactions between anonymous parties with guaranteed immutability, making it one of the greatest solutions for food quality and safety, as well as promoting transparency among stakeholders and facilitating trustworthiness.

Potential areas of blockchain-based solutions in the agriculture ecosystem include the following:

·                Supply chain and market transparency;

·                Traceability, quality, and food chain;

·                Finance, payment, insurance, and e-commerce;

·                Smart farming/agriculture/IoT;

·                Recent reviews and surveys;

·                Regional case studies;

·                Dispersal of subsidies and grants.

With its potential, blockchain is a technology that has the ability to revolutionize the agricultural sector. Blockchain agriculture improves food safety by allowing information to be tracked across the agricultural supply chain. Because of blockchain's ability to store and handle data, it enables traceability, which is utilized to aid in the development and implementation of intelligent farming and index-based crop insurance systems.
These technologies can track various forms of plant information, such as seed quality and crop growth, and even provide a record of the plant's journey after it leaves the farm. This information can improve supply chain transparency and alleviate worries about unlawful and immoral operations. They can also make it easier to trace any contamination or other issues back to their source in the event of a recall. These technologies' principal goals are sustainability and food security. With this level of transparency, consumers may make informed purchasing decisions. They commonly use this information to reward farmers and producers that use good farming practices.
However there are some vital obstacles to overcome.
Concerns have been made that blockchain technology could be abused, jeopardizing food security. Private blockchains, for example, are easier to hack and less secure. Because these blockchains are founded on private organization standards, it's easy to understand how they could be abused. Small-scale farmers, on the other hand, may be left behind since they lack the essential size, technological know-how, and scalability to take advantage of blockchain technology.
Many difficulties must be addressed before blockchain technology can be fully integrated into agriculture.
First, blockchain implementation must be decentralized in order to suit small farmers and rural residents. Otherwise, food security will remain a concern. Implementation must enable sustainable and equitable food systems, allowing consumers to make better options.
Those who lack the digital literacy needed to participate in blockchain technology must be educated. This is part of the system's decentralization process. The world's impoverished may be unable to engage because of outdated infrastructure and a lack of digital literacy.
Conclusion
While food passes through many hands on its journey from the farm to the consumer's plate, today's consumers have a strong desire to understand what they're eating. Furthermore, as supply chains expand, each user becomes increasingly concerned about the origin and journey of the produce.
Blockchain is the only way to reliably offer traceability to agricultural produce due to the distributed market architecture.
IoT devices and sensors are being introduced by agritech companies, and blockchain technology can be used to consolidate data on a variety of topics, including seed quality, crop tracking, and product flow from the field to the market.
Especially now, when the Food Delivery Chain faces numerous challenges due to restrictions imposed by the Russian-Ukrainian war, food shortages in African countries, or even a Polish-Ukrainian fight over the grain market, a Blockchain can be a difficult, but excellent answer and an opportunity for I-tech companies.

Resources:
1.    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162522006151
2.    https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/ict-applications-in-agriculture/blockchain-in-agriculture
3.    https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/9/1333
4.    https://collegedunia.com/exams/cattle-farming-science-articleid-2998
5.    https://www.researchgate.net/figure/The-process-of-food-supply-chain_fig1_329292174
6.    https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Information-needed-from-farmers-through-the-agricultural-cycle-Adapted-from-Reference_fig1_342221374
7.    https://www.dw.com/pl/media-o-embargu-na-ukrai%C5%84skie-zbo%C5%BCe-sp%C3%B3r-z-najbli%C5%BCszym-sojusznikiem/a-66866388
8.https://www.pabeef.org/raising-beef/beef-lifecycle
9.https://www.google.pl/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs10479-020-03664-y&psig=AOvVaw2xoe8zGPGeZiClD6UZHQU-&ust=1695836685631000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBIQjhxqFwoTCICgpYzqyIEDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAW