What are Entrepreneurship Models?

What is Entrepreneurship?

Entrepreneurship is the presentation of an idea or product created by individuals or groups to the society and combining it with financial means. Entrepreneurship, which combines goals and dreams with materiality, allows individuals or groups to combine their careers with their goals and dreams. On the other hand, entrepreneurship means taking a risk and walking on a path whose end you do not know. In addition to starting a business, making a profit from the business and being successful are among the greatest rewards of entrepreneurship. Because the important elements that establish entrepreneurship, such as the effort given, the capital invested, and taking a step into the initiative, are rewarded with this award.

The importance of entrepreneurship cannot be limited only to its definition and the success it brings to individuals or businesses. It has many advantages. First of all, thanks to entrepreneurship, employment in business life increases, extending from the individual to society and then to the state, leading to social and economic development and change. In our constantly changing and developing technological age, it progresses in direct proportion to technology. Thanks to entrepreneurship, existing problems in our modern world are solved with the emergence of new ideas and products. The concept of entrepreneurship, which has different types, has become very popular today. As examples of different types of entrepreneurship, we can give Social Entrepreneurship, Public Entrepreneurship, Commercial Entrepreneurship, Virtual Entrepreneurship, Creative Entrepreneurship and Technology Entrepreneurship.

Social Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurship, in its simplest definition, is the situation of transforming economic opportunities into new values ​​through production or service. In the global world where the open economy dominates, entrepreneurs make profits by using these opportunities. The entrepreneurship model is based on the aim of making profit.

There is also the phenomenon of making profits in social entrepreneurship, but this profit-making situation is only a tool for the dream of radically solving the identified social enterprises. Even though the method is the same, the goal and ideal to be achieved are the main differences of social entrepreneurship. Creating social value and providing a radical solution in the determined field is the biggest goal of social entrepreneurship. Just as a person is unique, a social entrepreneur's initiative can also be unique. Because social enterprises; It can be applied in all areas, especially social, environmental and cultural. Whether you target economic problems or educational problems, any field where you want to radically solve problems is ideal for you to start a social enterprise.

Building Blocks of Social Entrepreneurship: Sustainability and Innovation

The principle of sustainability is one of the most important and value-adding factors in social entrepreneurship. While the biggest environmental problems arise from energy resources that are in danger of depletion, aiming for sustainable solutions is the greatest need of our age. Of course, it is possible to meet the needs without disturbing the natural balance, but by making maximum use of the potential it contains. Although the reason for the inequality between production and consumption is based on many factors that cannot be underestimated, it is an undeniable fact that every problem contains its solution. The search for sustainable and nature-friendly solutions based on such facts forms the basis of social enterprises.

People have to constantly change and develop without getting tired. Social enterprises and their teammates, based on humans and nature, are innovative and hungry to learn. Constant change and following current developments are more important in social entrepreneurship than in any other field.

Public Entrepreneurship

Public entrepreneurship; Innovation in the public sector refers to the process of generating and implementing new ideas. Based on this definition, four types of public sector entrepreneurs can be described: policy entrepreneurs, bureaucratic entrepreneurs, managerial entrepreneurs and political entrepreneurs.

Policy entrepreneurs enable and facilitate the implementation of new ideas into the public sector, outside of official positions of government. Bureaucratic entrepreneurs occupy non-leadership positions in government and present and implement new ideas developed from their own unique perspectives in public organizations. Executive entrepreneurs use their entrepreneurial mindset in leadership positions in government organizations. Finally, political entrepreneurs leverage their entrepreneurial skills in elected office.

Commercial Entrepreneurship

The aim of commercial entrepreneurship is to make profit and make money. It occurs when people establish a business on a subject they think is needed in the market. In commercial entrepreneurship, while the entrepreneur provides the capital for the start-up, the earnings also go to the entrepreneur. It focuses on implementing new ideas in the relevant market in the business world. Market analysis and market research play a very important role in this type of entrepreneurship, which is quite common. Producing, buying and selling produced goods and organizing these processes are called commercial entrepreneurship. Anyone who goes into business is a commercial entrepreneur. For those who want to be their own boss, doing e-commerce and opening stores and cafes are examples of commercial entrepreneurship.

Characteristics of a Successful Business Entrepreneur

• Creativity; It is the first step in starting a new venture, creating a new project and making a profit.

• Perseverance and Passion; The most important need not only for entrepreneurship but for all businesses. It is the passion that drives the entrepreneur, and it is the determination that prevents him from giving up. Passion and perseverance are among the essential needs to overcome the difficulties encountered.

• Stability; It is one of the conditions that bring success. Problems and schedules will arise from time to time in a newly started business. In these difficult times, it is important for the entrepreneur to be determined. Continuing to meet the challenges without giving up in line with the goal you set out to play an important role in success.

• Hard Work and Dedication; It can be considered among the indispensable characteristics of an entrepreneur. In every new job you start, it is necessary to work hard until stability is achieved, always do research on developing and expanding the business, and devote a large amount of your time to the business. An entrepreneur who wants to achieve success must devote himself to his work.

• Confidence; Every entrepreneur who writes his own story must have strong self-confidence. Achieving success in what you start is directly proportional to self-confidence.

• Leadership; It is an essential part of a successful enterprise. The entrepreneur must determine the goals, manage them, create the rules and ensure that the system operates in accordance with the determined rules, manage the employees well in the right positions, produce solutions by meeting the problems that arise calmly, and always take his business one step further. For this, he must have leadership qualities.

• Keeping up with Change; Change occurs in commercial life as well as in social life. This change has accelerated with technological developments and accordingly production conditions, supply, demand and market conditions are constantly changing. For the initiative to be successful, it is important to follow these changes closely. Quick intelligence and flexibility are indispensable for keeping up with change.

Virtual Entrepreneurship

Virtual entrepreneurship; It is a business model based on operating by offering products and services over the internet. In this business model, service delivery is done entirely through online platforms. Businesses that provide services in the virtual world come together with their customers through websites, marketplace platforms or mobile applications. This entrepreneurial model provides the opportunity to reach a worldwide customer base. In other words; It is possible to grow and build a successful brand by using the potential of the internet by selling digital products and services.

The digital world is the focal point in online entrepreneurial activities. In this business model, the business does not need to have a physical office or store. There may be a physical equivalent of the product or service sold, for example, a car rental service may be provided through an application. However, the business model is based on the use of an online application. To summarize, the main factor that distinguishes virtual entrepreneurship from other business models is that the focus is on online platforms.


Products and services that can be accessed through digital platforms can be the subject of virtual entrepreneurship. The main jobs that can be done in this type of enterprise are:

• E-commerce
• Internet advertising
• Digital marketing
• Mobile application development
• Content production
• Software
• Graphic design
• Educational services
• Voice , visual or written content production

It should be said that there is a distinct difference between working as a freelancer on the internet and virtual entrepreneurship. For example; Writing blog content may not be defined as a stand-alone initiative. However, it is possible to achieve a successful initiative by analyzing users' information search and demands and producing a blog project that will meet their needs.

Time management is one of the qualities that digital entrepreneurs must have. The fact that all activity takes place over the internet makes it difficult to manage time. This issue is of great importance in determining business plans correctly. You can make your virtual entrepreneurship activity successful by organizing your time correctly.

Creative Entrepreneurship

When someone working in the field of Creative Entrepreneurship or creative entrepreneurship is mentioned, painters, artists, photographers or people with similar professions usually come to mind, but creative entrepreneurs are not only people who practice these professions. Creative entrepreneurs can basically be people working within a business. Or people who serve as freelancers and make a living this way are called creative entrepreneurs. Creative entrepreneurs are also people with high intellectual levels and who engage in many different innovative activities thanks to their talents and knowledge.

The main thing that distinguishes the field of creative entrepreneurship and creative entrepreneurs from traditional entrepreneurship and entrepreneurs is that creative entrepreneurs, unlike traditional entrepreneurs, focus on more diverse fields such as manufacturing and industry. In today's world, it is much easier for people with an entrepreneurial spirit to create a new business model by combining their knowledge with their talents compared to the past. The basis of this is the increasingly globalized structure of the world and the fact that technology is becoming more and more involved in our lives almost every day. The basis of creative entrepreneurship is the principle of doing what you love. People who are candidates to become investor entrepreneurs first obtain a certain capital by doing things they love, and in line with this, they start activities by combining their knowledge, lifestyle and talents.

One of the most important things that differentiate creative initiatives in the field of creative entrepreneurship is that it gives the entrepreneur the opportunity to benefit from both his creativity and intellectual knowledge in order to earn money and grow his enterprise. There are many different and various ways to do this. Which of these methods is chosen, how and why, depends entirely on the entrepreneur's skill, creativity and knowledge.


Some sectors where one can enter and take steps in the field of creative entrepreneurship are as follows:

• Writing and Writing
• Artistry and Photography
• Video Shooting and Youtubership
• Craft
• Podcast Producing
• Blogging
• Presenting information products
• Coaching and Coaching
• Doing graphic design
• Shooting vlogs
• Marketing digital products

There is almost no end to the business ideas that can be achieved in the field of creative entrepreneurship. If a person thinks that he has some knowledge and skills for which he believes he can get paid from people, he can certainly enter the field of creative entrepreneurship and become a creative entrepreneur.

Technology Entrepreneurship

Technology entrepreneurship or techno-venture, one of the important types of entrepreneurship, is the blending of a new idea or product with technological-based solutions. The most important feature of technological entrepreneurship is to discover and pursue new ideas and business opportunities that have not been noticed and draw a future compatible with technology. The concept of future is very important for technological entrepreneurship because an idea or business opportunity based on technology must be compatible with the market of the current age and also be promising for the future.

In addition, unlike traditional sectors in the commercial market, technological entrepreneurship has a more innovative, original and free structure. Since it is a type of entrepreneurship that is open to innovations, competition is less compared to traditional sectors. It is the right address for new and small businesses starting from scratch.

On the other hand, in technological entrepreneurship, the target audience, market, opportunities, supplies, and sponsors to make agreements with must be selected correctly. Surviving and ensuring sustainability in a market environment where competition will still make itself felt is an important point for technological entrepreneurship. Another important point is that technological entrepreneurship must have an innovative vision.

Having a plan and knowledge in business culture are the key points of technological entrepreneurship. The idea or product must be successfully brought to market and communication with customers must be strong. Considering all these, technological entrepreneurship should be open to growth, development, innovation and being compatible with the future. While doing this, it should be able to respond to existing problems with solutions based on technology.

Thank you for reading.